Volume 47 / 2018
A Century since the Great Union. The Truth on Our Relationship with History Reflections on how an Anniversary Is Assessed
Author: Marin DINU
Abstract: The approach of this theme - an assessment of a certain timeline that has a complex significance, both eventfully and societally - is specific either to an editorial, in brief, or to a more methodologically complex synthesis, in the form of a book. This paper, which, to some extent, would qualify for the rigors of present trends in publishing, is an editorial: one that implies real identification of the problem, understanding of how visions are structured, argumentation of the method of criticism and judgment in finding a solution.
Classification-JEL: A13, B41, B55.
Keywords: evolution of a societal entity; socio-human sciences, economic resilience
Water Resources in Romania during 1945-1989
Author: Victor PLATON
Author: Andreea CONSTANTINESCU
Abstract: This paper presents the water management during 1945-1989 in Romania, all through the communist and command economy period. It follows the investments, waterbeds management works, construction of dams and energy plants all around Romania. The extensive irrigation program as well as the forced industrial development were specific for this period. On the other hand, water supply for population and sewage network was developing strongly. Not all this development had positive follow-up, as conclusions point out in the end.
Classification-JEL: A10, H54, P28
Keywords: water resources, water management, dam, sewage, water supply
Profitability, Advertising Intensity and Concentration Ratio in Indonesian Cigarette Industry (2000 -2013)
Author: Yulia Saftiana
Author: Benadette Robiani
Author: Syamsurijal A.K
Author: Suhel
Abstract: This study aimed to invest the relationship of structure, behavior and performance on cigarette industry in Indonesia. The variable used in this research is concentration ratio that used CR4 to measure industry structure, advertising intensity of four companies that included in CR4 to measure promotion behavior, Price Cost Margin (PCM) and profitability of four companies (ROS) included in CR4 to measure industry performance.Descriptive analysis between Price Cost Margin (PCM) and concentration of cigarette industry shows the direction of inconsistent relationship but for 23 years the direction of change is more positive than negative sign. Otherwise, the relationship between Return on Sales (ROS) with industrial concentration shows more negative sign than positive sign.
Classification-JEL: D31, D57, E64
Keywords advertising intensity, concentration ratio, price cost margin and return on sales.
The Dynamics of Human Development in Romania during the 1899-1999 Period
Author: Florin Marius PAVELESCU
Abstract: The paper proposes a methodology to estimate the dynamics of a country’s human development in the long run. The methodology maintains the three core dimensions of the Human Development Index (HDI) proposed by the United Nations Development Programme and uses the yearly average rates instead of normalized values. This way, we are able to define yearly average rate of human development (YARHU) of the considered country. The methodology is applied to the case of Romania for the 1899-1999 period. The period belongs to two Kondratieff cycles of Romania’s economy (1888-1947 and 1948-1999). The results reveal a moderate dynamics of human development during the considered century in the context of adverse external shocks and contradictory internal structural changes. The dynamics of human development during the 1899-1947 period was slower in comparison to the 1948-1999 period. During the 1899-1947 period, the educational indicators, i.e. the literacy degree and enrolment degree, contributed significantly to the human development dynamics, while during the 1947-1999 period, the higher yearly average rate of human development was obtained especially due to the growth of the gross domestic product per capita.
Classification-JEL: I15, I21, I25, I31, J11, N30, O15
Keywords: Kondratieff cycle, weighted arithmetical and geometrical mean, industrialization, economic and social reforms
Financial Inclusion and Vulnerabilities Generated by the International Crisis
Author: Mirela PANAIT, Irina RADULESCU, Catalin VOICA
Abstract: The international financial crisis has generated loss of confidence in the financial system. Internationally, the financial institutions are trying to regain the confidence of customers and investors, promoting the principles of ethics, transparency and social responsibility. Both low-income individuals and corporations are covered by the concerns of financial institutions because they may be involved in various programs of investments with social and environment impact. Financial inclusion programs run by banks or national financial inclusion strategies made by public authorities are designed to ensure the access of hard-to-reach populations, women and the rural poor to modern financial services. So, the vulnerabilities caused by the international financial crisis are managed by new instruments and financial strategies, standing out the involvement of international bodies or the national public authorities acting as market builder, policy framework developer and incentiviser through the tax system.the human development dynamics, while during the 1947-1999 period, the higher yearly average rate of human development was obtained especially due to the growth of the gross domestic product per capita.
Classification-JEL:G01, G2
Keywords: financial institutions; business ethics; social responsibility;international financial crisis
A Century of Scientific Research and Innovation in Romania
Author: Steliana SANDU
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the scientific research and innovation in Romania during 1918-2018, the conditions and stimulating factors, as well as the obstacles that characterized different historical periods in the development of Romanian science and technology. Emphasis was placed on the analysis of: legislation, organization and funding; patent; number and quality of workforce; evaluation of results, national and international harness of Romanian discoveries and inventions, as well as on their propagated effects over time. Although they were founded in certain historical periods, the major scientific research schools in Romania had been a valuable legacy over time. Many of the inventions of Romanian scholars had revolutionized the technical applications of their time, as well as the methods and processing of the natural resources in Romania and in many other countries. Through their results, both in the field of fundamental and applied research, they had influenced so far the development of science and technology in various fields. It was highlighted that, despite the difficulties of different historical periods, generation after generation of researchers had contributed, through valuable results, to enriching the scientific heritage of their predecessors.
Classification-JEL: N01, N74, O33, O34
Keywords: history of scientific research and innovation in Romania, management of S&T, evolution of patent activity, science and technology policies
The Psychological Profile of the Romanian Volunteer
Author: Amelia Boros, Nicoleta GUDANESCU-NICOLAU, Andreea APOSTU, Anca CRISTEA
Abstract: The scientific work emphasizes the importance of volunteering as social activity in Romanian society and presents the main aspects that motivates a person to became volunteer. The aspects presented here are part of a detailed study coordinated by the authors in order to discover and use the psychological resorts that moves the people to help others, to become better, social responsible and to increase as a finality of the process the quality of the human capital in Romania. The scientific work is based on a questionnaire and on a statistical analysis that reveals the level of social involvement, personal and professional motivation and finally the morality of the individuals in the volunteering activities. The conclusions leave place for the continuation of the study but also for the improvement of the volunteering domanin in Romania in the European and global context as well as the changes that have to be made in the people mentality even if they have to learn how to help others. The study will have the finality in a Volunteer’s Guide that should contain the main directions and skills that have to acquire a person involved in this kind of actions.
Classification-JEL: D64; I23;L31; M14; M54
Keywords: volunteer, volunteering, psychology, motivation, social responsibility